well a few names to look at would be Alpine, Pioneer, Clarion, Kenwood, etc...All of these are well known brands that have been around for a long time and have proven themselves to be very reliable, reasonably priced (some models), and sound good. There are a multitude of equally good, but not as well known brands available, but given your level of car audio knowledge, I would stick to better known brands for now.

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2004 300M SPECIAL
Alpine CDA 9833
Alpine Pxa-h701
Alpine Rux-c701
Rockford fosgate p400-4
Rockford fosgate p4004
Hifonics BX 1205D
JBL c608 GTi
JBL p963
Infinity 2.5" center channel
Alpine type R 12"(2)
200 amp alternator
yellow top battery
0 awg power and ground (welding cable) 300 amp anl fuse
all active SQL set up with 2000 watts rms